Wavetech — SME Case Study (UAE)

Wavetech is a small to medium-sized company based in the UAE that specializes in the provision of queue management services. The company has been operating since 1986, and provides a wide range of process flow solutions for businesses, including queue management, information displays, and other forms of business management solutions that firms may need.

The company originally began its operations in the UAE, but has since expanded its operations to more than 75 countries (Wavetech, 2021). Due to the quality of its products and services, the company was ISO certified in 2015 and has become known as a leading provider of reliable queue management solutions that partners with numerous firms in Asia and other parts of the world.

Wavetech In the UAE, Wavetech is considered to be the leader in digital signage and other process flow technologies that businesses may need for their operations.

The mission of the company is to enhance the value that different stakeholders gain from its operations, including business partners, clients, employees, vendors, and other stakeholders that are part of its supply chain. The company states its main goal is to try and understand the needs and goals of its clients and other stakeholders, which can be used as a basis for delivering the value they need. To achieve its goals, the company believes the strategy it uses is of key importance, and crafting the right one automatically guarantees the achievement of set goals. Sustainability is also a key goal of the company, as it strives to ensure its operations cause the least harm to the environment. Generally, the company aims to create value for all its key stakeholders, including communities that support its operations.

Vision The long-term goal of the company is to aid in improving the economic performance of the communities in which it operates. The company recognizes the important role that its stakeholders play in its operations and believes it can aid in addressing certain challenges they face through its operations. The company intends to aid in addressing major challenges that different stakeholders face in the communities where it operates.

Organizational Structure

The organization uses a hierarchical organizational structure. At the top of the organization’s hierarchy is the chief executive officer, Ahmed Fraz, who oversees the implementation of the company’s strategy. The deputy CEO, Tobias Bessone, is the second-highest employee in the company and aids the CEO in strategic execution. Below the CEO are functional departments responsible for different functions in the organization, including financial, logistics production, and human resources. Each of these departments is headed by a manager who oversees all its aspects as well as low- level employees in different capacities.

The use of a hierarchical organizational structure simplifies the operations of the company as all employees understand what their roles are in the organization and can be held responsible in case they fail to perform as expected (Meehan, 2019). The chances of a communication breakdown are also reduced, as each employee knows who they report to. Specialization and division of duties also improve the performance of employees in the long term, as they get to do the same tasks multiple times. The use of a hierarchical structure also makes it possible to identify areas of the organization that are not performing as expected, after which adjustments can be made that will improve overall performance. Generally, the organizational structure used by the company makes its operations more efficient.

Staff Staff Staff Staff Team Leaders Team Leaders Team Leaders Team Leaders Team Supervisor Team Supervisor Team Supervisor Team Supervisor Marketing Finance Ops HRM Managers Managers Managers Managers CEO Figure 45: Example of Hierarchical Structure Used by the Organization A key disadvantage of the hierarchical structure used by the organization is that it can reduce collaboration between different areas of the organization. Managers can become territorial and mainly focus on the performance of their departments, which can adversely affect the work environment. Hierarchical structures also create a great deal of bureaucracy and formal procedures that can slow down the speed of crucial processes. Communication between departments can also be slower as each manager is only concerned with their department.

Leadership The company was founded in 1986 as a provider of digital signage and over time, has diversified its operations to include a wide range of services. Currently, the company provides a wide range of process flow technologies to both companies as well as state agencies in different parts of the world. The leadership of the company includes a chief executive officer who is in charge of all areas of its operations. The CEO works with the deputy CEO in overseeing the different functional departments that operate in the organization. The organization believes the use of teams can significantly enhance creativity and innovation, which are critical to its operations. As a technology company, Wavetech relies on innovation to make improvements to its products in line with changing trends in the technology industry. Outside the UAE, the company operates national and regional offices that are used to market its products and find new clients. Based on an analysis of its operations, the company relies on the transformational leadership style, where employees are encouraged to adopt the strategic vision of the company and use it as a basis for creating change and innovation. The CEO works with different teams within the organization to identify ways through which the company’s products can address the needs of clients in different markets. The company follows a singular vision that was crafted by the founders and identifies key goals and objectives that the organization is supposed to achieve. Employees in low-level positions have adopted this vision and use it as a guide for operations of the company.

The company specializes in process flow technologies that are used by both service and manufacturing companies. Process flow technologies enable companies to organize the questions of customers or employees who will be at different areas of operations. To tailor its operations to the needs of its customers, the company organizes its products by industry, such as banking, telecommunication, retail, government, education, and the stock exchange.

The company maintains two business units that include software production and the provision of manufacturing technology. The software business unit specializes in the provision of software that firms need to manage different areas of their operations, including the flow of customers, the provision of information, and the processing of payments. Using custom-made software provided by the firm, clients can be able to automate all key areas of their operations and reduce the time it takes to carry out certain critical tasks. The manufacturing service business unit on the other hand is concerned with the provision of services that can make operations more efficient. The company’s products are designed for both private firms as well as government agencies that deal with high traffic and need an effective method of organizing their processes and keeping customers informed.

Innovation is a key aspect of the strategy of the company.

To meet the changing needs of its clients, the company has to identify new methods, ideas, and processes that can be used to transform its operations. The company as a result keeps up with recent events in the technology industry and tries to understand the needs and wants of its clients to innovate the right solutions. Creativity and innovation are therefore critical aspects of the operations of the company that determine its success as a consultant.

Continuous improvement is also a key aspect of the strategy of the company that aids in enhancing the experience of its clients. The company strives to improve its technologies and products through continuous research and the inclusion of new features that can enhance the experience of its customers. By analyzing the needs of its clients, the company identifies effective solutions that can be improved over time through research and in line with the changing needs of the market. The company also uses differentiation to ensure its products stand out when compared to others in the industry. The queue management strategies used by the company have been recognized as the most innovative in the past, due to the cost reductions they were able to create for clients who implemented them.

Continuous Improvement Opening Result Improve Process Sustain Improvement Prioritize Opportunities Evaluate Data Gather Data Figure 46: Key elements of the continuous improvement process used by the organization Geographical diversification also enables the company to grow its market share and as a result its revenues and profits. Originally starting its operations as a technology firm in the UAE, the company has since expanded its operations to more than 70 countries. By proving its unique products and services in a larger geographical area, the company has been able to grow its value as a brand as well as its financial performance.

The company mainly relies on a customer drive strategy to grow its operations. A customer-driven strategy includes making a deliberate effort to understand the needs and desires of customers, after which the products and services provided can be tailored to meet these needs (Gallindaarachchi & Harshana, 2020). Since the needs of customers are likely to change, a company that uses this strategy must continuously evaluate market conditions and make adjustments where necessary.

Wavetech operates by trying to understand the needs of each client and then creates solutions that will best address these needs. Continuously evaluating market trends also enables the company to identify new areas that can be used for growth.

Differentiation Differentiate the market offering to create superior customer value Positioning Position the market offering in mind of target customers.

Designing a Customer-Driven Marketing Strategy Create value for targeted customers Decide on a value proposition Segmentation Divide the total market into smaller segments.

Targeting Select the segment or segment to enter Select customer to save Figure 47: Customer-driven marketing strategy used by the company [Source: Marketing Insights] The development of core competencies is also a key strategy that is used by the company to deliver value to its customers and grow its operations. Core competencies include the strengths a firm possesses that enable it to stand out from other firms in the industry.

Key competencies of the company that are used to differentiate its products include innovation, highly skilled staff, and a strong brand reputation associated with quality. The company uses these competencies to attract and retain customers in key markets where it operates.

Through product and service development, the company has also been able to grow its operations and attract new clients. The company acts as a leader in its industry by introducing new products and services that match the needs of its customers. Process flow software manufactured by the company has in the past won awards for innovativeness due to their distinctive features. The company, therefore, uses its highly trained staff effectively to develop new products and services that address different customer needs.

A respected brand name and reputation is an effective strategy that is used by the company to grow its operations in key markets. As a provider of high-quality products and services to its customers, the company has a highly respected brand name that can be used to attract new customers who may need the same products. The company is known for providing high- quality products to both private companies as well as governments and therefore, finds it easy to attract new business. Referrals are also an effective technique that is used by the company to attract new customers. Clients who have procured software and other products from the company can provide referrals that can enable the company to attract new business.

Social media marketing is an effective strategy that is used by the company to create awareness about its different products. The company has social media pages on most platforms that are used to create awareness about solutions it has delivered to its clients. Social media marketing can be tailored through the use of algorithms to ensure that only people that are interested in the products or services of a company get to see its adverts (Jacobson, Gruzd, & Hernández, 2020). Social media advertising is therefore effectively used by the company to create awareness about its products and grow its market.

The company also relies on referrals from satisfied customers to market its products and services. As a company strives to provide high-quality products to customers, it is bound to have a higher rate of customer satisfaction that can translate to more customers in the future through referrals.

As a technology company, Wavetech has to keep up with changing trends in the industry, some of which require major changes to existing products as well as new research and technology. Software technologies used by the company change from time to time, which requires the company to also make adjustments to its operations, which can be costly both in time and resources.

As an SME, the company also lacks the resources it needs to take on high-value projects. The company can only take on projects that it can complete based on available resources such as manpower and finances.

This is a key challenge to its growth and it limits the total number of projects that the company can work on at a time, and as a result its overall profitability. Altering its operations to meet the regulatory needs and challenges in the different markets in which it operates is also a key challenge for the company. Each country has different regulatory rules relating to the use of technology and the rights of users. The company has to ensure it alters its operations in line with the regulations in place in the different markets in which it operates.

Recruiting and retaining the right staff is also a key challenge the company faces, due to the shortage of skilled workers in the software development industry.

The shortage of different types of skilled employees in areas such as software security and technologies used for development means the company has to spend more on recruiting and has to put measures in place that will ensure it retains highly trained staff once they are successfully recruited.

As a technology company, the firm also has to find a balance between the quality of its products and long- term growth, which can be challenging to do. To maintain quality, the company for example needs to take on fewer projects that it can be able to complete with available resources. On the other hand, taking on more projects guarantees long-term growth as the company will increase its revenues and profits. The company, therefore, has to evaluate its options and select a long- term goal that best suits its operations.

The company has been able to overcome these challenges by taking on projects that it can complete with available resources. As a medium-sized company, projects that the company takes on have to be within what can be completed with available resources. The company has been able to successfully match its resources to projects it took on and as a result maintained a high success rate that improved its reputation.

Effective management and leadership have also enabled the company to grow its operations using available resources. The management of the company has been able to identify effective methods that can be used to grow its client base by leveraging on the company’s key competencies such as innovation. Management has also found new ways of exploiting demand in developing markets where the products and services of the company were needed. Generally, effective management has enabled the company to overcome its resource limitations and grow its operations.

The strong brand reputation of the company has also enabled it to overcome key challenges it faces in different areas of its operations. By providing customers with high-quality products, the company has been able to grow its brand reputation and as a result, find it easier to attract customers and grow its operations.

Successful Best Practices

The focus on providing quality products and services to clients is a key practice of the company that has enabled it to grow its brand reputation and attract more customers. Since its inception, the company has strived to provide high-quality products to customers that meet their expectations. As a result, the brand value of the company has recorded major growth, which has enabled it to continue attracting new customers and eventually expand to new markets. The focus on quality is a key practice by the company that has enabled it to grow its value by attracting more clients.

Creating room for creativity and innovation in its operations is also a key practice that has enabled the company to diversify its product line and revenue streams over time. The company initially started as a provider of digital signage, but with time realized the growing demand for business software and automation.

The company then identified solutions to these problems that could be provided to businesses. As a result, new revenue streams and markets were created that enabled the company to take on more business that contributed to long-term growth.

Effective management and leadership have also aided the company to adapt to changes that were taking place in its external business environment. The company has made major changes to its operations since it was founded in 1986. Not only were new business units created by managers, but competent staff who could execute the strategy put in place by management were also hired. Generally, effective management enabled the company to adapt to changes that were taking place in the business environment and as a result, grow its market and value.

The market expansion strategy implemented by the company also enabled it to grow its market share and take on more projects. After growing the value of its brand, the company was able to expand to neighboring countries from the UAE and take on more projects. Managers in the company were able to identify key markets that had demand for their products and services, which made it easy for the company to venture into these markets. The success of the company is therefore largely attributed to the effective strategy implemented by the leaders in place.

Strategic partnerships used by the company are also a key reason why it has been able to grow its brand reputation and expand to new markets. The company has entered into partnerships with other major technology companies such as IBM, which has enabled it to gain access to high-value projects that improved both its expertise as well as financial performance. The company has also partnered with governments and private organizations in different countries to execute certain technology projects, which also contributed to the growth it has been able to achieve.

The company has a highly effective strategy and has not had any major failures in the course of its operations.

The company has undergone major transformations over time to its current shape. Originally, it began as a creator of digital signage in the1980s before the development of the internet and the adoption of computers as business tools. Over time it grew its operations and focused mainly on business technologies that were becoming popular.

Computers and software soon became highly popular and the company ventured into business software development in line with the needs and specifications of its clients. This segment of its operations recorded high growth and made it a popular brand name in the UAE as relates to the development of business software.

Eventually, the company expanded its operations to other countries in Asia, Europe, and Africa, and currently maintains operations in more than 70 countries. Due to the growing demand for business software, demand for the company’s products is likely to keep growing in the future, meaning the financial performance of the company will also improve as a result.

The company has highly diversified its operations and currently has more than one revenue stream, which enables it to avoid adverse cases of low demand in one business unit. In addition to software development, the company also provided clients with manufacturing technologies they may need to make their processes much more efficient. Process flow technologies such as queue management are also a specialty of the company.

These diverse sources of revenue create stability for the company, in addition to contributing to long-term growth.

Recommendation/Analysis The company’s products and services are highly differentiated, meaning it can expand to more markets and take on more clients. Key business units of the company provide highly differentiated products that are tailored to the needs of customers. The company, therefore, has sustainable competitive advantages that can be used to expand its operations to other countries.

Since the market for business technology such as software and process automation is growing, the company should consider sourcing more funds to grow its capacity to take on more business. The current size of the company means it can only take a limited number of projects. Growing this size would make it possible for it to take on more projects and grow its overall profitability in the long term.

¡ A key lesson learned from the assignment are the key features that contribute to the success of small and medium-sized businesses. From analyzing key features responsible for the growth of Wavetech, it is clear that innovation, effective leadership, and differentiation are key features of SMEs that can contribute to long-term growth.

¡ The assignment also provided detailed information about the UAE and its business environment. From the analysis of the assignment, it is clear that the UAE has a supportive business environment that encourages the growth of small firms. Wavetech was able to grow its operations in the country without any interference and got the support it needed to move to new markets. The assignment, therefore, showed the UAE has a supportive and growth-oriented business environment.

¡ From analyzing the operations of Wavetech as an SME, useful information about business technology and process flow has been gained. The analysis of the products of the company provided a great deal of information about business technology and its different applications.

Wavetech is a technology SME operating in the UAE that specializes in the provision of technology solutions to businesses. The two main business units for the company include a software division that provides businesses with different types of software they may need in their operations and a manufacturing services division that provides manufacturing solutions such as automation. Since it was founded in 1986, the company has recorded major growth due to the high quality of its products as well as the innovativeness of management, both of which have aided in the growth of the company’s brand reputation. Innovation and a focus on quality are key features of the operations of the company that have enabled it to deliver effective solutions to its customers and as a result, retain them over time. The management team of the company has also enabled it to adapt to key changes that took place in the external business environment, and as a result, remain competitive in the market. Key challenges facing the company however include a lack of resources that may be needed to grow its capacity and take on more projects as well as changes in technology that require the company to make major changes to existing products. Growing demand for technology products also means demand for the company’s products is likely to grow in the future, which means expansion to new markets is still possible.

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PESTEL Analysis. 1st National Conference on Multidisciplinary Research and Practice (COMRAP) 2018, pp. 34-39 Index A accomplish, 91, 92, 100, 102, 301 accounting, 36, 129, 172, 173, 210, 255, 256, 301 accuracy, 301 achievement, 82, 131, 138, 268, 301 administration, 95, 96, 153, 173, 202, 301 advertising, 73, 76, 87, 163, 203, 277, 301 agency, 301 agreement, 78, 79, 81, 89, 231, 301 Ahdaaf Sports Club, 301 AHM Law Firm, 251, 253, 258, 301 analytics, 155, 301 app, 301 application, 112, 118, 127, 226, 259, 301 attack, 301 audience, 41, 106, 155, 158, 159, 301 avail, 107, 108, 258, 301 availability, 301 B base, 25, 60, 100, 105, 107, 108, 130, 198, 234, 241, 257, 261, 279, 301 benefits, 60, 79, 147, 152, 211, 301 BETA Information Technology, 109, 111, 113, 115, 116, 117, 120, 123, 125, 126, 130, 131, 132, 301 brand, 4, 24, 35, 39, 80, 158, 169, 195, 199, 213, 214, 274, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 285, 301 budget, 7, 140, 156, 157, 203, 228, 301 building, 89, 106, 129, 142, 190, 197, 202, 205, 210, 212, 214, 301 business, ix, x, xi, xii, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 27, 28, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 53, 54, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 77, 79, 80, 84, 85, 87, 88, 92, 96, 97, 99, 100, 102, 106, 107, 108, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 120, 121, 123, 125, 127, 130, 131, 132, 145, 151, 154, 164, 173, 174, 175, 179, 180, 181, 183, 184, 185, 186, 190, 192, 193, 194, 195, 202, 203, 204, 213, 214, 215, 216, 223, 224, 233, 234, 242, 246, 247, 249, 253, 254, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 267, 268, 272, 276, 277, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 292, 293, 301, 305, 306, 307, 308 buy, 10, 35, 41, 224, 301 capital, 46, 47, 72, 301 case study, xi, 27, 34, 65, 106, 131, 163, 185, 203, 204, 237, 301 CEO, 4, 37, 46, 47, 48, 98, 99, 172, 192, 210, 227, 247, 255, 269, 271, 301, challenges, xi, 9, 11, 23, 28, 45, 46, 48, 61, 92, 97, 102, 107, 112, 119, 125, 127, 131, 132, 151, 153, 154, 155, 164, 183, 184, 186, 192, 199, 204, 205, 214, 215, 216, 227, 246, 259, 260, 268, 278, 279, 285, changes, 6, 10, 22, 26, 39, 57, 108, 113, 130, 141, 144, 149, 277, 280, 281, 285, client, 70, 74, 78, 80, 97, 100, 102, 112, 115, 117, 119, 124, 126, 257, 261, 275, 279, 301 cold- calling, 301 collaboration, 111, 112, 119, 121, 124, 270, 301 Comfort Garments, 301 communication, 6, 80, 128, 129, 131, 132, 141, 149, 210, 214, 269, 301 company, xi, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 34, 35, 47, 53, 54, 56, 57, 60, 61, 62, 73, 75, 77, 78, 81, 84, 88, 90, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 111, 112, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 171, 172, 173, 176, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 237, 241, 242, 244, 246, 247, 249, 254, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 301 competition, 7, 23, 24, 25, 37, 98, 102, 105, 107, 137, 231, 259, 262, 301, 306 construction, 183, 185, 209, 210, 212, 214, 256, consultant, 140, 273, 301 consumer, 9, 130, 131, 244, contact, 72, 89, 116, 147, 242, 301 contracting, 301 cost, 21, 23, 26, 43, 44, 49, 57, 58, 70, 75, 80, 98, 101, 121, 127, 156, 174, 183, 185, 231, 246, 254, 257, 258, 260, 262, 263, 273, COVID-19, 6, 18, 45, 46, 47, 48, 54, 99, 108, 113, 129, 142, 144, 149, 153, 154, 157, 164, 190, 192, 205, 211, 259, 261, 262, 263, 285, 294, 295, 301 culture, 191, 200, 238, 239, 249, 301 customer, 4, 6, 9, 11, 16, 21, 24, 25, 41, 43, 55, 58, 59, 60, 62, 72, 77, 78, 79, 100, 103, 104, 105, 107, 108, 114, 119, 120, 124, 126, 160, 179, 195, 198, 204, 209, 213, 214, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 231, 234, 242, 244, 274, 276, 277, 289, 291, 301 Cyber Hero, 301 Damac Properties, 301 data, 7, 9, 69, 74, 85, 111, 112, 115, 116, 118, 126, 127, 128, 129, 131, 155, 156, 158, 160, 180, 263, 297, database, 301 department, 36, 55, 131, 140, 172, 173, 211, 222, 255, 257, 270, 301 dependable, 83, 242, 301 design, 7, 10, 84, 199, 301 destination, 104, 169, 301 details, 225, 301 development, xi, 6, 8, 9, 17, 21, 44, 69, 70, 73, 112, 114, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 126, 130, 132, 142, 148, 165, 173, 209, 213, 215, 262, 275, 276, 278, 282, 290, 301, 305, 306, 307 discovery, 81, 83, 89, 90, diverse, 7, 136, 241, 249, 283, 301 documents, 81, 88, 301 Dor Reve Interior Decoration, 301 downsize, 205, 301 Dubai, ix, 8, 9, 135, 141, 151, 152, 153, 156, 160, 161, 164, 170, 173, 219, 245, 255, 257, 258, 259, 261, 263, 293, 298, 301, 305, duties, 37, 269, 302 E Eagles Nest Building and Decor, 302 efficiency, 23, 39, 117, 119, 123, 128, 129, 130, 132, 254, 293, 302 Emaar Properties, 302 emails, 60, 159, 197, 302 employee, 38, 47, 55, 62, 63, 84, 111, 112, 128, 172, 200, 201, 202, 222, 224, 227, 269, 302 entrepreneur, 169, 223, equipement, 302 establishment, 86, 102, 169, 186, 260, 302 experience, 23, 27, 34, 46, 63, 65, 91, 135, 138, 140, 141, 145, 149, 155, 170, 184, 192, 204, 222, 255, 273, 302, 305 F Facebook, 10, 45, 60, 147, 159, 197, 213, 244, 302 facility, 8, 11, 71, 72, 148, 195, 302 Farmers Coffee, vi, vii, 167, 169, 170, 172, 177, 179, 180, 182, 185, 302 feasible, 88, 302 feature, 202, 302 feedback, 38, 128, 141, 302 field, 8, 92, 117, 123, 129, 137, 142, 145, 154, 221, 222, 229, 302, 305, 306 files, 86, 88, 302 Filli Cafe, 302 financial, xi, 7, 140, 180, 192, 193, 224, 255, 256, 269, 274, 281, 282, 302 firm, 84, 107, 127, 212, 253, Index 254, 255, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 272, 274, 275, 278, 289, 297, flow, 36, 84, 267, 268, 271, 272, 276, 283, 284, 302 focus, xi, 3, 6, 24, 41, 43, 44, 53, 57, 58, 60, 63, 64, 88, 92, 99, 106, 119, 120, 127, 129, 228, 232, 233, 237, 244, 248, 261, 263, 270, 280, 285, 302, 305, 306 founders, xi, 18, 169, 271, funds, 88, 91, 92, 283, 302 G Glitch Cafe, 302 global, 19, 27, 72, 115, 136, 139, 148, 210, 214, 219, 220, 240, 244, 247, 302, goals, 5, 37, 56, 58, 77, 122, 128, 131, 138, 139, 141, 147, 173, 180, 186, 194, 196, 199, 202, 205, 212, 228, 268, 271, 302 government, 61, 151, 152, 153, 191, 211, 272, 302, H help, 10, 26, 44, 46, 60, 73, 82, 95, 103, 115, 116, 127, 128, 129, 132, 138, 141, 144, 148, 149, 151, 155, 156, 158, 161, 163, 164, 172, 181, 196, 222, 234, 254, 258, 302, 307 hierarchal, 302 Hira International Company, 207, 209, hub, 302 identification, 159, 198, image, 24, 103, 159, 302 implement, 74, 76, 87, 108, 126, 161, 163, 165, 198, 205, 254, 302 improvement, 164, 273, 274, 302 individual, 79, 81, 88, 114, 138, 199, 200, 222, 223, 224, 231, 232, 261, 302 industry, x, 8, 10, 11, 16, 18, 24, 27, 28, 34, 42, 74, 75, 87, 99, 106, 107, 115, 117, 130, 131, 132, 145, 190, 191, 204, 205, 212, 213, 214, 221, 223, 225, 230, 233, 241, 242, 246, 247, 248, 271, 272, 273, 275, 276, 277, 278, 293, 302, 307 information, 6, 36, 57, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 106, 113, 115, 116, 117, 119, 121, 123, 124, 125, 132, 146, 158, 160, 173, 201, 204, 205, 214, 240, 267, 272, 284, 292, infrastructure, 33, 111, 118, 119, 121, 152, 209, 212, innovation, 21, 22, 41, 42, 44, 95, 136, 138, 176, 214, 254, 271, 273, 276, 279, 280, 284, 302 input, 302 Instagram, 45, 147, 159, 197, 244, 302 instrument, 83, 302 interference, 84, 284, 302 international, 17, 20, 25, 35, 41, 99, 115, 136, 139, 148, 161, 224, 232, 233, 234, 255, 257, 291, 292, 302, Internet, vi, 95, 104, 146, 153, 156, 158, 297, 302 inventory, 104, 227, 302 investors, 6, 15, 46, 47, 152, 292, 302 issue, 62, 88, 125, 126, 183, Istanbul Picnic Accessories LLC, 302 J Just Falafel, vii, 235, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 246, 247, 248, 249, 302 labor, 61, 193, 255, 258, launch, 302 leadership, xi, 17, 19, 21, 37, 38, 39, 43, 48, 56, 57, 58, 99, 107, 108, 121, 140, 141, 142, 149, 164, 194, 213, 214, 216, 271, 279, 280, 284, 289, 290, 296, 302, 306 legal, xi, 6, 39, 125, 153, 189, 253, 254, 255, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 263, 264, 302 lesson, xi, 47, 64, 204, 283, LinkedIn, 213, 302 Index location, 9, 33, 41, 42, 63, 100, 219, 245, 302 LOKO, 302 Luxury Holidays, 302 Mais Moving Company, 93, 95, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 303 major, xi, 3, 6, 22, 33, 57, 74, 95, 107, 114, 125, 126, 128, 153, 183, 184, 203, 220, 261, 268, 277, 280, 281, 282, 285, 303 management, 4, 6, 7, 9, 20, 37, 46, 47, 48, 56, 57, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 71, 72, 73, 74, 99, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 126, 132, 139, 145, 147, 151, 191, 192, 196, 199, 201, 227, 228, 230, 262, 267, 273, 279, 280, 281, 283, 285, 292, 293, 303, 306 manipulate, 80, 83, 303 market, 4, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 34, 38, 43, 53, 58, 61, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 105, 106, 107, 108, 115, 119, 120, 121, 126, 131, 132, 174, 180, 181, 183, 184, 190, 198, 210, 212, 214, 215, 216, 220, 221, 222, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 241, 242, 244, 247, 254, 260, 261, 262, 271, 273, 274, 275, 277, 281, 283, 285, 303 marketing, xi, 9, 10, 21, 22, 23, 36, 42, 45, 47, 49, 55, 60, 65, 102, 105, 106, 107, 108, 123, 124, 129, 145, 147, 154, 155, 156, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 172, 182, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 203, 210, 211, 213, 214, 215, 216, 228, 230, 232, 233, 234, 244, 246, 248, 249, 258, 261, 275, 277, 293, 294, 303 member, 88, 190, 210, 303 Middle East, 33, 54, 209, 216, 220, 253, 255, 303 mission statement, xi, 34, 132, 215, 238, 303 model, 35, 191, 303 N nationality, 160, 303 negative, 154, 174, 303 NJ Motors, 303 number, 16, 18, 22, 23, 61, 77, 90, 99, 100, 115, 146, 159, 181, 193, 205, 224, 225, 231, 232, 233, 234, 247, 258, 278, 283, 303, O office, 3, 35, 54, 255, 258, 259, 261, 262, 303 opportunity, 9, 26, 108, 142, 192, 303 order, 39, 40, 41, 47, 100, 104, 105, 107, 108, 113, 114, 116, 117, 131, 150, 151, 174, 176, 180, 181, 182, 185, 193, 196, 199, 200, 204, 220, 221, 225, 226, 232, 237, 238, 241, 246, 248, 253, 254, 257, 258, 260, 261, 262, 303 organization, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 17, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 72, 74, 96, 97, 99, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 119, 121, 122, 123, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 150, 173, 181, 186, 194, 196, 200, 205, 214, 232, 233, 234, 238, 269, 270, 271, 274, 303 organizational strategy, outline, 91, 303 output, 303 overcome, xi, 24, 56, 128, 131, 142, 151, 154, 186, 204, 214, 215, 216, 279, owner, 37, 39, 46, 53, 55, 61, 63, 65, 95, 96, 98, 183, 186, 190, 255, 303 P package, 70, 74, 80, 81, 82, 83, 86, 88, 91, 303 pandemic, 6, 11, 18, 47, 48, 54, 61, 99, 108, 113, 114, 142, 144, 149, 153, 154, 164, 175, 176, 181, 190, 192, 224, 228, 240, 249, 259, 261, 262, 263, 285, participate, 82, 303 partner, 96, 173, 174, 190, 229, 255, 303 passion, ix, xii, 65, 173, 176, 254, 303, 307 payment, 193, 303 percentage, 303 Index performance, 7, 17, 38, 47, 56, 119, 120, 127, 140, 151, 152, 155, 156, 157, 158, 180, 186, 196, 205, 210, 268, 269, 270, 274, 281, 282, 289, 291, 303 place, 33, 42, 63, 85, 106, 121, 142, 175, 183, 194, 198, 199, 222, 224, 244, 245, 278, 280, 281, 285, 303, 306 planning, 91, 105, 121, 140, 148, 150, 185, 193, 194, 195, 303 policy, 71, 119, 123, 141, 292, position, 4, 33, 41, 55, 84, 90, 107, 120, 190, 192, 193, 212, 221, 231, 303, positive, 38, 191, 210, 254, 260, 303 practice, 24, 62, 104, 105, 121, 123, 124, 152, 214, 253, 257, 260, 280, 303 preparation, 21, 72, 89, 96, pricing, 198, 222, 225, 227, 231, 303 principle, 303 problem, 38, 46, 48, 62, 126, 127, 128, 157, 183, 203, 204, 231, 246, 303 process, 118, 121, 123, 128, 175, 181, 192, 195, 196, 198, 202, 259, 267, 268, 271, 272, 274, 283, 284, product, 6, 7, 9, 10, 19, 21, 23, 24, 28, 40, 44, 58, 59, 97, 117, 120, 123, 124, 131, 132, 175, 182, 198, 210, 213, 219, 225, 226, 227, 231, 233, 241, 242, 244, 248, 276, 280, 303 production, 121, 196, 198, 210, 221, 227, 228, 229, 231, 246, 269, 272, 303 profile, 255, 303 program, 74, 88, 91, 137, 144, 155, 303 progress, 5, 303 project, 74, 96, 111, 116, 117, 203, 216, 303 promotion, 10, 62, 102, 244, 245, 303 protection, 74, 78, 79, 82, 83, 84, 92, 303 PROTEINHOUSE Sportswear Trading, purchasing, 198, 303 R range, 3, 7, 161, 190, 198, 220, 226, 228, 230, 267, 271, 303 Realty Bridges Real Estate, 303 Realty Force Real Estate, recommendations, ix, 47, 106, 303 relationship, 120, 242, 303 renew, 198, 303 rent, 255, 303 report, 128, 191, 269, 303 reputation, 81, 105, 120, 229, 233, 260, 276, 279, 280, 281, 285, 303 requirement, 63, 303 research, ix, xi, 21, 54, 120, 174, 186, 222, 244, 273, 277, 303, 306 resolution, 83, 90, 123, resources, 9, 69, 73, 97, 103, 105, 121, 149, 150, 160, 173, 195, 196, 269, 277, 278, 279, 285, 304 responsible, 36, 37, 39, 87, 99, 136, 139, 148, 164, 230, 269, 283, 304, 305 restructure, xi, 114, 192, 204, 205, 224, 304 revenue, 17, 23, 40, 54, 62, 70, 71, 114, 117, 121, 123, 215, 247, 280, 282, 283, Robel Trading Company, 217, 219, 304 rules, 75, 81, 82, 86, 87, 126, 153, 278, 304 S safety, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 148, 149, 153, 164, 211, 212, 261, 304 sales, 18, 21, 46, 55, 62, 120, 123, 129, 131, 210, 211, 213, 222, 225, 304 satisfaction, 21, 22, 35, 44, 105, 126, 131, 193, 204, 213, 214, 228, 277, 289, school, 135, 136, 137, 139, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149, 150, 154, 155, 156, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164, 296, 304 School of Modern Skills, 133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 152, 154, 156, 158, 160, Index 161, 164, 296, 304 sector, 8, 129, 152, 153, 221, 232, 261, 262, 304, 306 sell, 40, 53, 58, 120, 175, 229, 242, 304 SEO, 156, 159, 163, 228, service, 6, 11, 19, 40, 43, 44, 55, 59, 60, 100, 101, 103, 105, 114, 115, 116, 117, 120, 129, 131, 182, 190, 191, 195, 205, 209, 214, 220, 222, 242, 247, 257, 258, 260, 262, 263, 272, 276, 289, 304 SME, xi, 10, 181, 278, 284, 289, 304 software, 113, 116, 117, 118, 125, 272, 276, 278, 280, 282, 283, 284, 304 solution, 111, 114, 115, 118, 203, 219, 304 sponsor, 96, 304 staff, ix, 54, 55, 57, 61, 62, 96, 136, 144, 145, 149, 153, 155, 157, 164, 175, 181, 244, 257, 276, 278, 281, 304 strategy, 9, 10, 11, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 27, 28, 41, 42, 43, 44, 49, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 75, 85, 86, 100, 101, 102, 106, 107, 108, 118, 119, 121, 122, 123, 124, 129, 145, 147, 148, 149, 150, 161, 164, 165, 182, 186, 195, 196, 198, 212, 213, 216, 220, 227, 228, 231, 242, 244, 247, 257, 258, 268, 269, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 281, 282, 290, 292, 297, 303, 304 strengths, 150, 158, 220, 275, 304 structure, xi, 5, 6, 11, 16, 17, 36, 37, 54, 55, 65, 91, 96, 97, 115, 117, 130, 132, 191, 205, 210, 216, 237, 238, 256, 262, 269, 270, 294, 304 study, xi, 27, 34, 65, 74, 83, 90, 107, 131, 163, 173, 185, 203, 204, 237, 261, 262, 301, 304 success, 4, 10, 25, 28, 38, 45, 47, 62, 107, 163, 186, 203, 204, 242, 258, 273, 279, 281, 283, 292, 295, 304 support, 4, 7, 8, 21, 46, 55, 120, 125, 145, 158, 193, 225, 268, 284, 304 sustainable, 169, 191, 283, 290, 304 T targeted, 9, 158, 304 task, 76, 83, 101, 127, 196, 201, 232, 304 team, xi, 5, 11, 25, 37, 38, 39, 56, 96, 103, 116, 125, 136, 140, 141, 148, 182, 184, 210, 225, 258, 259, 261, 285, 296, 304 technology, 53, 54, 57, 61, 64, 97, 111, 112, 113, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 132, 137, 138, 140, 142, 149, 152, 153, 154, 155, 157, 202, 203, 259, 260, 262, 264, 271, 272, 273, 274, 277, 278, 281, 283, 284, 285, 304 termination, 83, 304 time management, 199, 201, 304 trends, 38, 108, 242, 271, 275, 277, 294, 304 Twitter, 147, 159, 304 U UAE, i, iii, ix, xii, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 33, 34, 35, 42, 45, 53, 54, 69, 72, 96, 129, 135, 136, 137, 139, 141, 146, 151, 160, 164, 173, 181, 185, 192, 198, 209, 239, 241, 244, 246, 247, 253, 254, 255, 257, 259, 261, 262, 263, 267, 268, 271, 274, 281, 282, 284, 289, 290, 293, 294, 296, 298, 304, United States, 24, 304 vendors, 268, 304 violation, 304 virtual, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 155, 304 vision, xi, 4, 10, 11, 26, 44, 65, 121, 129, 132, 137, 160, 171, 179, 191, 215, 221, 234, 238, 249, 271, 296, volume, i, 90, 304 W Wavetech, vii, 265, 267, 268, 271, 275, 277, 283, 284, 285, 298, 304 weaknesses, 80, 82, 83, 91, 150, 158, 304 wi-fi, 84, 304 WNG Services, 304 Womad, 304 Index word-of-mouth, 60, 86, 147, 244, 246, 304 work, ix, 64, 72, 75, 81, 82, 86, 96, 102, 108, 111, 114, 129, 145, 151, 183, 190, 191, 194, 201, 202, 210, 222, 223, 224, 232, 233, 239, 254, 260, 264, 270, 278, 304 workforce, 101, 105, 131, 227, 304 workplace, 55, 136, 199, 200, 201, 304